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首页> 外文OA文献 >The 600 yr eruptive history of Villarrica Volcano (Chile) revealed by annually laminated lake sediments: The 600 year eruptive history of Villarrica Volcano (Chile) revealed by annually-laminated lake sediments
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The 600 yr eruptive history of Villarrica Volcano (Chile) revealed by annually laminated lake sediments: The 600 year eruptive history of Villarrica Volcano (Chile) revealed by annually-laminated lake sediments

机译：每年层积的湖泊沉积物揭示了比利亚里卡火山（智利）的600年喷发历史：每年层积的湖泊沉积物揭示了比利亚里卡火山（智利）的600年喷发历史

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Lake sediments contain valuable information about past volcanic and seismic events that have affected the lake catchment, and they provide unique records of the recurrence interval and magnitude of such events. This study uses a multilake and multiproxy analytical approach to obtain reliable and high-resolution records of past natural catastrophes from ~600-yr-old annually laminated (varved) lake sediment sequences extracted from two lakes, Villarrica and Calafquén, in the volcanically and seismically active Chilean Lake District. Using a combination of micro–X-ray fluorescence (μXRF) scanning, microfacies analysis, grain-size analysis, color analysis, and magnetic-susceptibility measurements, we detect and characterize four different types of event deposits (lacustrine turbidites, tephra-fall layers , runoff cryptotephras, and lahar deposits) and produce a revised eruption record for Villarrica Volcano, which is unprecedented in its continuity and temporal resolution. Glass geochemistry and mineralogy also reveal deposits of eruptions from the more remote Carrán–Los Venados volcanic complex, Quetrupillán Volcano, and the Huanquihue Group in the studied lake sediments. Time-series analysis shows 112 eruptions with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) ≥2 from Villarrica Volcano in the last ~600 yr, of which at least 22 also produced lahars. This signifi cantly expands our knowledge of the eruptive frequency of the volcano in this time window, compared to the previouslyknown eruptive history from historical records. The last VEI ≥2 eruption of Villarrica Volcano occurred in 1991. Based on the last ~500 yr, for which we have a complete record from both lakes, we estimate the probability of the occurrence of future eruptions from Villarrica Volcano and statistically demonstrate that the probability of a 22 yr repose period (anno 2013) without VEI ≥2 eruptions is ≤1.7%. This new perspective on the recurrence interval of eruptions and historical lahar activity will help improve volcanic hazard assessments for this rapidly expanding tourist region, and it highlights how lake records can be used to significantly improve historical eruption records in areas that were previously uninhabited.
机译：湖泊沉积物包含有关过去影响湖泊流域的火山和地震事件的宝贵信息，并且它们提供了此类事件的复发间隔和强度的独特记录。这项研究使用多湖和多代理分析方法，从火山和地震中提取的大约600年的年积水（沉积的）湖沉积物序列中获得了过去自然灾害的可靠且高分辨率的记录，这些沉积物序列来自两个湖泊Villarrica和Calafquén活跃的智利湖区。通过结合使用微X射线荧光（μXRF）扫描，微相分析，粒度分析，颜色分析和磁化率测量，我们可以检测和表征四种不同类型的事件沉积物（湖相浊积石，特菲拉陷落层，径流密码虫和拉哈尔沉积物），并为比利亚里卡火山产生了修订的喷发记录，这在其连续性和时间分辨率上是前所未有的。玻璃地球化学和矿物学也揭示了研究的湖泊沉积物中较偏远的Carrán-LosVenados火山群，Quetrupillán火山和Huanquihue群的喷发沉积物。时间序列分析显示，在过去约600年的时间里，比利亚里卡火山（Villarrica Volcano）爆发了112次火山爆发指数（VEI）≥2的火山，其中至少有22次也发生了拉哈斯。与历史记录中先前已知的火山爆发历史相比，这显着扩展了我们在此时间窗口内对火山爆发频率的了解。菲拉里卡火山的最后一次VEI≥2喷发发生在1991年。基于我们在两个湖泊都有完整记录的最后〜500年，我们估算了比拉里卡火山将来发生喷发的可能性，并通过统计证明了如果VEI≥2爆发，则22年的休养期（2013年年报）的概率为≤1.7％。关于喷发复发间隔和历史拉哈活动的新观点将有助于改善这个迅速扩展的旅游区的火山灾害评估，并强调了如何利用湖泊记录来显着改善以前无人居住地区的历史喷发记录。

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